The flag of Indonesia, known as "Sang Merah Putih" (The Red and White), consists of two horizontal bands. The top band is red, symbolizing courage, while the bottom band is white, representing purity and honesty. The simple yet powerful design is based on historical flags of the Majapahit Empire, reflecting Indonesia's heritage. The flag was officially adopted on August 17, 1945, following Indonesia's declaration of independence from the Netherlands. Its design is identical to the flag of Monaco, but the flags are differentiated by their historical and cultural contexts.